ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, curative effect and prognosis of myeloid sarcoma. Methods The clinical data of 12 patients with MS diagnosed at Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University from August 2008 to May 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Their clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and survival were analyzed. Results Twelve patients were 17 to 62 years old. The initial site included lymph node, external auditory canal, eye, buttock, lung, liver, pancreas, breast,skin, vertebra and its surroundings,and cervix. Among 11 patients with peripheral blood classification, bone marrow aspiration and bone marrow biopsy, 6 cases were isolated MS [one of which developed acute myeloid leukemia (AML)], 1 case was chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase, 2 cases were AML-M2, and 1 case was myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and 1 case was after aplastic anemia (AA) with no infiltration of bone marrow. Immunohistochemical results showed that LCA(+) (7/7), MPO(+) (12/12), CD43(+) (9/9), lysozyme(+) (5/7), CD3(-) (8/8), CD20(-) (9/9), CD34(+) (5/6), CD117(+) (7/7), and Ki-67(+) 30%-90%. Four patients were examined for bone marrow chromosomes, 2 patients with AML had t (8;21), 1 patient with MDS was 47, XX, +8, del(11)(q21), and 1 patient with CML was t(9;22). Two of the 12 patients were lost to follow-up. Among the 10 patients who were followed up, 6 died and 4 survived, and the median survival time was 21 months (2-27 months). Conclusions AA in stable phase with MS and CML in chronic phase with MS are rarely reported. The clinical manifestations of MS patients are varied, of which the common incidence sites are superficial lymph nodes, the infrequent sites are vertebra and its surrounding areas, and the rare sites are eye, pancreas, lung, liver, etc. The median survival time of MS patient is short and the curative effect is poor.